Journal
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
Volume 9, Issue 1, Pages 2278-2288Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2020.1831405
Keywords
SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; swine; coronavirus; pigs; infection models; zoonotic disease
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Funding
- National Bio and Agro-Defense Facility (NBAF) Transition Funds from the State of Kansas
- Kansas State University
- NIAID Centers of Excellence for Influenza Research and Surveillance [HHSN 272201400006C]
- Department of Homeland Security Center of Excellence for Emerging and Zoonotic Animal Diseases [HSHQDC-16-A-B0006]
- NIAID, NIH
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The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 has resulted in an ongoing global pandemic with significant morbidity, mortality, and economic consequences. The susceptibility of different animal species to SARS-CoV-2 is of concern due to the potential for interspecies transmission, and the requirement for pre-clinical animal models to develop effective countermeasures. In the current study, we determined the ability of SARS-CoV-2 to (i) replicate in porcine cell lines, (ii) establish infection in domestic pigs via experimental oral/intranasal/intratracheal inoculation, and (iii) transmit to co-housed naive sentinel pigs. SARS-CoV-2 was able to replicate in two different porcine cell lines with cytopathic effects. Interestingly, none of the SARS-CoV-2-inoculated pigs showed evidence of clinical signs, viral replication or SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody responses. Moreover, none of the sentinel pigs displayed markers of SARS-CoV-2 infection. These data indicate that although different porcine cell lines are permissive to SARS-CoV-2, five-week old pigs are not susceptible to infection via oral/intranasal/intratracheal challenge. Pigs are therefore unlikely to be significant carriers of SARS-CoV-2 and are not a suitable pre-clinical animal model to study SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis or efficacy of respective vaccines or therapeutics.
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