Journal
REVISTA DA SOCIEDADE BRASILEIRA DE MEDICINA TROPICAL
Volume 53, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
SOC BRASILEIRA MEDICINA TROPICAL
DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0477-2020
Keywords
SARS-CoV-2; Coronavirus disease; Neuropathogenesis; Nervous system; Cerebrospinal fluid
Categories
Funding
- Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ)/Instituto Serrapilheira
- Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES)
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Recent reports indicate that besides respiratory and systemic symptoms among coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients, the disease has a wide spectrum of neurological manifestations (encephalitis, meningitis, myelitis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, metabolic and acute hemorrhagic necrotizing encephalopathy, cerebrovascular diseases, Guillain-Barre syndrome, polyneuritis cranialis, dysautonomia, and myopathies). The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can spread from the respiratory system to the central nervous system, using transneuronal and hematogenous mechanisms. Although not every COVID-19 patient will test positive for the virus in the cerebrospinal fluid exam, the appearance of neurological symptoms associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection reveals the importance of understanding the neurologic manifestations and capacity for neural invasion associated with the pathogen. These aspects are relevant for correct diagnosis and treatment, and for the potential development of vaccines. This review highlights the latest evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection with a focus on neurological involvement and potential neuropathogenesis mechanisms.
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