4.5 Article

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. The X-ray crystal structure of human isoform II in adduct with an adamantyl analogue of acetazolamide resides in a less utilized binding pocket than most hydrophobic inhibitors

Journal

BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
Volume 20, Issue 15, Pages 4376-4381

Publisher

PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.06.082

Keywords

Carbonic anhydrase; Sulfonamide; 1,3,4-Thiadiazole-2-sulfonamide; X-ray crystallography; Enzyme-inhibitor; Isoforms I-XV

Funding

  1. European Union
  2. NIH [GM2515, GM25154]
  3. Thomas Maren grant

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We investigated the inhibitory activity of several 1,3,4-thiadiazole-sulfonamides against all catalytically active CA (EC 4.2.1.1), CA I-XV. The tail derivatizing the 5-position in the 1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-sulfonamide scaffold was observed to be critical as an inhibitory determinant of these compounds. The high resolution X-ray crystal structure of hCA II in complex with 5-(1-adamantylcarboxamido)-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-sulfonamide, showed the adamantyl moiety of the inhibitor residing in a less utilized binding pocket than that of most hydrophobic inhibitors, lined by the amino acid residues Ile91, Val121 and Phe131. This binding site may explain the diverse inhibition profiles of 5-carboxamide- and sufonamide-derivatized 1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-sulfonamides and offers a hot spot for designing isoform selective inhibitors, considering that residues 91 and 131 are highly variable among the 13 catalytically active isoforms. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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