Quantum entanglement in nuclear Cooper-pair tunneling with gamma rays

While Josephson-like junctions, transiently established in heavy-ion collisions (tau(coll) 10(-21) s) between superfluid nuclei-through which Cooper-pair tunneling (Q-value Q(2n)) proceeds mainly in terms of successive transfer of entangled nucleons-is deprived from the macroscopic aspects of a supercurrent, it displays many of the special effects associated with spontaneous symmetry breaking in gauge space (BCS condensation), which can be studied in terms of individual quantum states and of tunneling of single Cooper pairs. From the results of studies of one- and two-neutron transfer reactions carried out at energies below the Coulomb barrier we estimate the value of the mean-square radius (correlation length) of the nuclear Cooper pair. A quantity related to the largest distance of closest approach for which the absolute two-nucleon tunneling cross section is of the order of the single-particle one. Furthermore, emission of gamma rays of (Josephson) frequency v(J) = Q(2n)/h distributed over an energy range h/tau(coll) is predicted.

Automated summary

This passage discusses the special effects of Josephson-like junctions in heavy-ion collisions, revealing the microscopic characteristics of Cooper pair tunneling. By studying nuclear reactions at different energies, the correlation length of nuclear Cooper pairs can be estimated, and the distribution of gamma rays with a frequency related to the Cooper pair tunneling is predicted.