Journal
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Volume 27, Issue 1, Pages 122-129Publisher
CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION
DOI: 10.3201/eid2701.203772
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- Stiftung Universitatsmedizin Essen
- Rudolf Ackermann Foundation
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The study found that in convalescent patients, immunity against SARS-CoV-2 may be mediated through T cells even in the absence of detectable IgG antibodies.
We investigated immune responses against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) among a group of convalescent, potential blood donors in Germany who had PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. Sixty days after onset of symptoms, 13/78 (17%) study participants had borderline or negative results to an ELISA detecting IgG against the S1 protein of SARS-CoV-2. We analyzed participants with PCR-confirmed infection who had strong antibody responses (ratio >3) as positive controls and participants without symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infection and without household contact with infected patients as negative controls. Using interferon-gamma ELISpot, we observed that 78% of PCR-positive volunteers with undetectable antibodies showed T-cell immunity against SARS-CoV-2. We observed a similar frequency (80%) of T-cell immunity in convalescent donors with strong antibody responses but did not detect immunity in negative controls. We concluded that, in convalescent patients with undetectable SARS-CoV-2 IgG, immunity may be mediated through T cells.
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