4.8 Article

Titanium-oxo cluster reinforced gel polymer electrolyte enabling lithium-sulfur batteries with high gravimetric energy densities

Journal

ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
Volume 14, Issue 2, Pages 975-985

Publisher

ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/d0ee03005h

Keywords

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Funding

  1. National Key R&D Program of China [2017YFA0207302]
  2. NSF of China [21731005, 21420102001, 21721001, 21801213]
  3. Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [20720160080, 20720180026]

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This study introduces a new class of gel polymer electrolytes using titanium-oxo clusters as reinforcements to construct low E/S batteries. The developed electrolyte exhibits favorable mechanical properties and high Li-ion conductivity, while also possessing the ability to block polysulfide shuttling and suppress Li dendrite formation, leading to enhanced capacities and cycling stabilities of low E/S batteries.
Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) battery research has flourished by upgrading the performances of sulfur cathodes and Li metal anodes under flooded electrolyte conditions. However, since high gravimetric energy density can only be achieved at a low electrolyte/sulfur (E/S) ratio, the severe performance degradation under lean electrolyte conditions is becoming a bottleneck in the development of Li-S batteries. Here we propose a new class of gel polymer electrolytes by using titanium-oxo clusters as reinforcements to construct low E/S batteries. The developed electrolyte has favorable mechanical properties and high Li-ion conductivity, as well as excellent capabilities to block polysulfide shuttling and suppress Li dendrite formation, enabling low E/S batteries to exhibit enhanced capacities and cycling stabilities. Remarkably, the low E/S (3 mu L mg(S)(-1)) battery fabricated with high sulfur loading (10 mg(S) cm(-2)) and low negative/positive capacity ratio (1/1) can deliver a gravimetric energy density of 423 W h kg(-1) and continue to operate for 100 cycles. This study provides a new avenue for high-energy-density Li-S batteries.

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