4.6 Article

Micro-LED Array-Based Photo-Stimulation Devices for Optogenetics in Rat and Macaque Monkey Brains

Journal

IEEE ACCESS
Volume 9, Issue -, Pages 127937-127949

Publisher

IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3111666

Keywords

Animals; Rats; Neurons; Light emitting diodes; Brain; Stimulated emission; Radio access technologies; Brain; dopamine; implantation; light emitting diodes; macaque monkeys; microdialysis; optogenetics; photo-stimulation

Funding

  1. Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST) of the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) [JPMJCR1651]
  2. Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) [JP18H03780]

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A study developed micro-LED array devices to achieve large-area photo-stimulation in the brain, successfully stimulating the prefrontal cortex and ventral tegmental area. Experiments on rats and macaque monkeys demonstrated the effectiveness of these devices in inducing neurochemical responses.
Optogenetics is a powerful tool for controlling biological functions using light. Optical fibers have been extensively utilized in optical stimulation devices for optogenetics. However, the use of optical fibers results in a small photo-stimulation region. In this study, micro-LED array devices were developed to achieve large-area photo-stimulation in the brain of a large animal, such as macaque monkeys. Planar and linear micro-LED array devices were designed and fabricated to photo-stimulate the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and ventral tegmental area (VTA) of the brain and induce a neurochemical response. Device operation, optical intensity, and safety were first characterized using rats. Subsequently, the devices were used to photo-stimulate the brain of macaque monkeys. In addition, microdialysis in the PFC was performed. The devices detected modulated levels of dopamine in the brains. Thus, the photo-stimulation of both the PFC and VTA were successfully achieved, and the effectiveness of the developed micro-LED array devices was demonstrated. The study will help facilitate further studies on micro-LED array stimulation for system-wide optogenetic manipulation in large animals.

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