Journal
BMJ OPEN RESPIRATORY RESEARCH
Volume 8, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1136/bmjresp-2020-000845
Keywords
sleep apnoea; COVID-19
Categories
Funding
- Academy of Finland Center of Excellence in Complex Disease Genetics [312062, 312074]
- Finnish Foundation for Cardiovascular Research
- Sigrid Juselius Foundation
- University of Helsinki
- Juho Vainio Foundation
- Academy of Finland [309643, 340539]
- Oskar Offlund foundation
- Yrjo Jahnsson foundation
- Signe and Ane Gyllenberg foundation
- Instrumentarium science foundation
- HUCH research grant
- Business Finland [HUS 4685/31/2016, UH 4386/31/2016]
- AbbVie
- AstraZeneca UK
- Biogen MA
- Celgene Corporation
- Celgene International II Sarl
- Genentech
- Merck Sharp Dohme Corp
- Pfizer
- GlaxoSmithKline Intellectual Property Development
- Sanofi US Services
- Maze Therapeutics
- Janssen Biotech
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The study suggests that obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) does not increase the risk of contracting COVID-19, but is associated with a higher risk of hospitalisation among COVID-19 positive patients.
Background Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is associated with higher body mass index (BMI), diabetes, older age and male gender, which are all risk factors for severe COVID-19. We aimed to study if OSA is an independent risk factor for COVID-19 infection or for severe COVID-19. Methods OSA diagnosis and COVID-19 infection were extracted from the hospital discharge, causes of death and infectious diseases registries in individuals who participated in the FinnGen study (n=260 405). Severe COVID-19 was defined as COVID-19 requiring hospitalisation. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to examine association. Comorbidities for either COVID-19 or OSA were selected as covariates. We performed a meta-analysis with previous studies. Results We identified 445 individuals with COVID-19, and 38 (8.5%) of them with OSA of whom 19 out of 91 (20.9%) were hospitalised. OSA associated with COVID-19 hospitalisation independent from age, sex, BMI and comorbidities (p-unadjusted=5.13x10(-5), OR-adjusted=2.93 (95% CI 1.02 to 8.39), p-adjusted=0.045). OSA was not associated with the risk of contracting COVID-19 (p=0.25). A meta-analysis of OSA and severe COVID-19 showed association across 15 835 COVID-19 positive controls, and n=1294 patients with OSA with severe COVID-19 (OR=2.37 (95% 1.14 to 4.95), p=0.021). Conclusion Risk for contracting COVID-19 was the same for patients with OSA and those without OSA. In contrast, among COVID-19 positive patients, OSA was associated with higher risk for hospitalisation. Our findings are in line with earlier works and suggest OSA as an independent risk factor for severe COVID-19.
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