Journal
GENOMICS
Volume 114, Issue 4, Pages -Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2022.110400
Keywords
Cichorium endivia; Endive; Genome; Sesquiterpene lactone (STL); Terpene synthase (TPS); Asteraceae
Funding
- Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science [KJCX20220104, KJCX201907-2, KJCX20200113]
- Innovation and Development Programs of the Beijing Vegetable Research Center [KYCX202002-01, KYCX201901- 01]
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This study reveals the origin and diversity of bitter taste in endive, provides important reference for studying the evolution and diversity of Asteraceae through genome assembly and gene annotation.
Endive (Cichorium endivia L.) is a leafy vegetable in the Asteraceae family. Sesquiterpene lactones (STLs) in endive leaves bring a bitter taste that varies between varieties. Despite their importance in breeding varieties with unique flavours, sesquiterpenoid biosynthesis pathways in endive are poorly understood. We assembled a chromosome-scale endive genome of 641 Mb with a contig N50 of 5.16 Mb and annotated 46,711 protein-coding genes. Several gene families, especially terpene synthases (TPS) genes, expanded significantly in the C. endivia genome. STLs biosynthesis-related genes and TPS genes in more bitter varieties have shown a higher level of expression, which could be attributed to genomic variations. Our results penetrate the origin and diversity of bitter taste and facilitate the molecular breeding of endive varieties with unique bitter tastes. The high-quality endive assembly would provide a reference genome for studying the evolution and diversity of Asteraceae.
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