F1Fo ATP Synthase Is Expressed at the Surface of Embryonic Rat Heart-Derived H9c2 Cells and Is Affected by Cardiac-Like Differentiation

Taking advantage from the peculiar features of the embryonic rat heart-derived myoblast cell line H9c2, the present study is the first to provide evidence for the expression of F1Fo ATP synthase and of ATPase Inhibitory Factor 1 (IF1) on the surface of cells of cardiac origin, together documenting that they were affected through cardiac-like differentiation. Subunits of both the catalytic F-1 sector of the complex (ATP synthase-beta) and of the peripheral stalk, responsible for the correct F-1-F-o assembly/coupling, (OSCP, b, F6) were detected by immunofluorescence, together with IF1. The expression of ATP synthase-beta, ATP synthase-b and F6 were similar for parental and differentiated H9c2, while the levels of OSCP increased noticeably in differentiated cells, where the results of in situ Proximity Ligation Assay were consistent with OSCP interaction within ecto-F1F0 complexes. An opposite trend was shown by IF1 whose ectopic expression appeared greater in the parental H9c2. Here, evidence for the IF1 interaction with ecto-F1Fo complexes was provided. Functional analyses corroborate both sets of data. i) An F1Fo ATP synthase contribution to the exATP production by differentiated cells suggests an augmented expression of holo-F1Fo ATP synthase on plasma membrane, in line with the increase of OSCP expression and interaction considered as a requirement for favoring the F-1-F-o coupling. ii) The absence of exATP generation by the enzyme, and the finding that exATP hydrolysis was largely oligomycin-insensitive, are in line in parental cells with the deficit of OSCP and suggest the occurrence of sub-assemblies together evoking more regulation by IF1. (C) 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.