A juvenile Paleozoic ocean floor origin for eastern Stikinia Canadian Cordillera

The Cordillera of Canada and Alaska is a type example of an accretionary orogen, but the origin of some terranes remains contentious (e.g., Stikinia of British Columbia and Yukon, Canada). Presented herein are igneous and detrital zircon U/Pb-Hf and trace-element data, as well as the first radio-larian ages from the Asitka Group, the basement to eastern Stikinia. The data are used to evaluate the role of juvenile and ancient crust in the evolution of Stikinia and the tectonic environment of magmatism. Two rhyolites are dated by U-Pb zircon at 288.64 +/- 0.21 Ma and 293.89 +/- 0.31 Ma, with epsilon Hf(t) = +10. Red chert contains radiolarians that are correlated with P. scalprata m. rhombothora-cata + Ruzhencevispongus uralicus assemblages (Artinskian-Kungurian). Detrital zircon U/Pb-Hf from a rare Asitka Group sandstone have a mode at ca. 320 Ma and epsilon Hf(t) +10 to +16; the detrital zircon suite includes five Paleoproterozoic zircons (similar to 5% of the population). Detrital zircons from a stratigraphically over-lying Hazelton Group (Telkwa Formation) volcanic sandstone indicate deposition at ca. 196 Ma with zircon epsilon Hf(t) that are on a crustal evolution line anchored from the Asitka Group. Zircon trace-element data indicate that the Carboniferous detrital zircons formed in an ocean arc environment. The Proterozoic detrital zircons were derived from a peripheral landmass, but there is no zircon epsilon Hf(t) evidence that such a landmass played any role in the magmatic evolution of eastern Stikinia. The data support that eastern Stikinia formed on Paleozoic ocean floor during the Carboniferous to early Permian. Consistent with previous fossil modeling, zircon statistical comparisons demonstrate that Stikinia and Wrangellia were related terranes during the Carboniferous to Permian, and they evolved separately from Yukon-Tanana terrane and cratonic North America.

Automated summary

This study presents igneous and detrital zircon data from the Cordillera of Canada and Alaska, specifically focusing on the controversial origins of certain terranes like Stikinia. The research evaluates the role of juvenile and ancient crust in the evolution of Stikinia and the tectonic environment of magmatism, providing insight into the geological history of the region. The data suggest that eastern Stikinia formed on Paleozoic ocean floor during the Carboniferous to early Permian, highlighting the complex tectonic history of the area.