Palladium/P(t-Bu)3-catalyzed synthesis of N-aryl azoles and application to the synthesis of 4,4′,4-tris(N- azolyl)triphenylamines

PalladiumTP(t-Bu)(3) catalyzed the coupling of aryl halides with azoles such as pyrrole, indole, and carbazole, effectively. K2CO3 and Rb2CO3 worked very well as bases, whereas Cs2CO3 and t-BuQNa gave only trace yields of products. Triazolyl compounds such as TCTA were also synthesized. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.