Journal
JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE
Volume 128, Issue 22, Pages 4047-4056Publisher
COMPANY BIOLOGISTS LTD
DOI: 10.1242/jcs.175208
Keywords
PtdIns(4,5)P-2; PIPKI; Protein and membrane trafficking
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Funding
- National Institutes of Health grants [CA104708, GM057549]
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute International Student Research Fellowship [59107631]
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Phosphoinositides are a collection of lipid messengers that regulate most subcellular processes. Amongst the seven phosphoinositide species, the roles for phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate [PtdIns (4,5)P-2] at the plasma membrane, such as in endocytosis, exocytosis, actin polymerization and focal adhesion assembly, have been extensively studied. Recent studies have argued for the existence of PtdIns(4,5)P-2 at multiple intracellular compartments, including the nucleus, endosomes, lysosomes, autolysosomes, autophagic precursor membranes, ER, mitochondria and the Golgi complex. Although the generation, regulation and functions of PtdIns(4,5)P-2 are less well-defined in most other intracellular compartments, accumulating evidence demonstrates crucial roles for PtdIns(4,5)P-2 in endolysosomal trafficking, endosomal recycling, as well as autophagosomal pathways, which are the focus of this Commentary. We summarize and discuss how phosphatidylinositol phosphate kinases, PtdIns(4,5)P-2 and PtdIns(4,5)P-2-effectors regulate these intracellular protein and membrane trafficking events.
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