Journal
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES B-PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES
Volume 55, Issue 2, Pages P69-P84Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1093/geronb/55.2.P69
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Funding
- NIA NIH HHS [1R01AG16648-01] Funding Source: Medline
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An enduring controversy in intelligence theory and assessment, the argument that middle-aged adults are, on average, Less intelligent than young adults, is addressed in this study. A sample of 228 educated adults between ages 21 and 62 years was given an array of tests that focused on a broad assessment of intelligence-as-know ledge, traditional estimates of fluid intelligence (Gf) and crystallized intelligence (Gc), personality, and interests. The results indicate that middle-aged adults are more knowledgeable in many domains, compared with younger adults. A coherent pattern of ability, personality, and interest relations is found. The results are consistent with a developmental perspective of intelligence that includes both traditional ability and non-ability determinants of intelligence during adulthood. A reassessment of the nature of intelligence in adulthood is provided, in the context of a lifelong learning and investment model, called PPIK, for intelligence-as-Process, Personality, Interests, and intelligence-as-knowledge (Ackerman, 1996).
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