Journal
BIOMATERIALS
Volume 34, Issue 34, Pages 8808-8818Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.07.083
Keywords
Cerium oxide; Nanoparticle; Heparin; Reactive oxygen species; Endothelial cells; Angiogenesis
Funding
- Australian Research Council under the Discovery Project [DP 1097149]
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Cerium oxide nanoparticles (nanoceria) are widely reported to be non-cytotoxic and modulate intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this study, nanoceria (d(XRD) = 12 nm) were functionalised with either 130 or 880 molecules of unfractionated heparin using the organosilane linker, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane. Nanoceria with a low level of heparin functionalisation were found to scavenge intracellular ROS to the same extent as unfunctionalised nanoceria and significantly more than cells exposed to medium only. In contrast, nanoceria with the highest level of heparin functionalisation were not as effective at scavenging intracellular ROS. Nanoceria were localised predominantly in the cytoplasm, while heparin-nanoceria were localised in both the cytoplasm and lysosomes. Together these data demonstrated that the level of nanoceria surface functionalisation with heparin determined the intracellular localisation and ROS scavenging ability of these particles. Additionally, heparin-nanoceria were effective in reducing endothelial cell proliferation indicating that they may find application in the control of angiogenesis in cancer in the future. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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