Journal
BIOMATERIALS
Volume 34, Issue 22, Pages 5571-5580Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.04.004
Keywords
Electrospinning; Mesenchymal stem cells; Hyaluronic acid; Chondrogenesis; Biomaterials; Biomechanics
Funding
- National Institutes of Health [R01EB008722, R01GM74048]
- National Science Foundation Major Research Instrumentation Grant [DBI-0721913]
- National Science Foundation Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center [DMR-0425780]
- National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship
- Ruth L. Kirschtein National Research Service Award [F32EB014691]
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Electrospinning has recently gained much interest due to its ability to form scaffolds that mimic the nanofibrous nature of the extracellular matrix, such as the size and depth-dependent alignment of collagen fibers within hyaline cartilage. While much progress has been made in developing bulk, isotropic hydrogels for tissue engineering and understanding how the microenvironment of such scaffolds affects cell response, these effects have not been extensively studied in a nanofibrous system. Here, we show that the mechanics (through intrafiber crosslink density) and adhesivity (through RGD density) of electrospun hyaluronic acid (HA) fibers significantly affect human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) interactions and gene expression. Specifically, hMSC spreading, proliferation, and focal adhesion formation were dependent on RGD density, but not on the range of fiber mechanics investigated. Moreover, traction-mediated fiber displacements generally increased with more adhesive fibers. The expression of chondrogenic markers, unlike trends in cell spreading and cytoskeletal organization, was influenced by both fiber mechanics and adhesivity, in which softer fibers and lower RGD densities generally enhanced chondrogenesis. This work not only reveals concurrent effects of mechanics and adhesivity in a fibrous context, but also highlights fibrous HA hydrogels as a promising scaffold for future cartilage repair strategies. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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