Journal
BIOMATERIALS
Volume 31, Issue 23, Pages 6004-6012Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2010.04.013
Keywords
Peptide amphiphiles; Bone scaffolds; Bone regeneration; Biomineralization; Regenerative medicine; Biomaterials
Funding
- National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIH/NIDCR) [5R01DE015920-3]
- National Science Foundation at the Materials Research Center of Northwestern University [DMR-0520513]
- NSF-NSEC
- NSF-MRSEC
- Keck Foundation
- State of Illinois
- Northwestern University
- Generalitat de Catalunya
- Technical University of Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
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Rapid bone regeneration within a three-dimensional defect without the use of bone grafts, exogenous growth factors, or cells remains a major challenge. We report here on the use of self-assembling peptide nanostructured gels to promote bone regeneration that have the capacity to mineralize in biomimetic fashion. The main molecular design was the use of phosphoserine residues in the sequence of a peptide amphiphile known to nucleate hydroxyapatite crystals on the surfaces of nanofibers. We tested the system in a rat femoral critical-size defect by placing pre-assembled nanofiber gels in a 5 mm gap and analyzed bone formation with micro-computed tomography and histology. We found within 4 weeks significantly higher bone formation relative to controls lacking phosphorylated residues and comparable bone formation to that observed in animals treated with a clinically used allogenic bone matrix. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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