Effects of temperature on the photoreactivation of ultraviolet-B-induced DNA damage in Palmaria palmata (Rhodophyta)

The accumulation of DNA damage (thymine dimers and 6-4 photoproducts) induced by ultraviolet-B radiation was studied in Palmaria palmata (L.) O. Kuntze under different light and temperature conditions, using specific monoclonal antibodies and subsequent chemiluminescent detection. Both types of damage were repaired much faster under ultraviolet-A radiation (WAR) plus photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) than in darkness, which indicates photoreactivating activity, At 12 degrees C, all thymine dimers were repaired after 2 h irradiation with WAR plus PAR, whereas 6-4 photoproducts were almost completely repaired after 4 h, After 19 h of darkness, almost complete repair of 6-4 photoproducts was found, and 67% of the thymine dimers were repaired, In a second set of experiments, repair of DNA damage under UVAR plus PAR was compared at three different temperatures (0, 12, and 25 degrees C), Again, thymine dimers were repaired faster than 6-4 photoproducts at all three temperatures. At 0 degrees C, significant repair of thymine dimers was found but not of 6-4 photoproducts. Significant repair of both thymine dimers and 6-4 photoproducts occurred at 12 and 25 degrees C, Optimal repair efficiency was found at 25 degrees C for thymine dimers but at 12 degrees C for 6-4 photoproducts, which suggests that the two photorepair processes have different temperature characteristics.