Journal
BIOMATERIALS
Volume 29, Issue 13, Pages 2015-2024Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2007.12.049
Keywords
silk; fibroin; two photon excited fluorescence; second harmonic generation; spectral analysis; non-invasive characterization
Funding
- NIBIB NIH HHS [P41 EB002520-03, P41 EB002520] Funding Source: Medline
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Designing biomaterial scaffolds remains a major challenge in tissue engineering. Key to this challenge is improved understanding of the relationships between the scaffold properties and its degradation kinetics, as well as the cell interactions and the promotion of new matrix deposition. Here we present the use of non-linear spectroscopic imaging as a non-invasive method to characterize not only morphological, but also structural aspects of silkworm silk fibroin-based biomaterials, relying entirely on endogenous optical contrast. We demonstrate that two photon excited fluorescence and second harmonic generation are sensitive to the hydration, overall sheet content and molecular orientation of the sample. Thus, the functional content and high resolution afforded by these non-invasive approaches offer promise for identifying important connections between biomaterial design and functional engineered tissue development. The strategies described also have broader implications for understanding and tracking the remodeling of degradable biomaterials under dynamic conditions both ill vitro and ill vivo. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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