Rational Design of Targeted Cancer Therapeutics through the Multiconjugation of Folate and Cleavable siRNA to RAFT-Synthesized (HPMA-s-APMA) Copolymers

A well-defined N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide-s-N-(3-aminopropyl)methacrylamide (HPMA-S-APMA) copolymer, synthesized via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization, was utilized for the rational design of multiconjugates containing both a gene therapeutic, small interfering RNA (siRNA), and a cancer cell targeting moiety, folate The copolymer contains it biocompatible poly(HPMA) portion (91 mol %) and a primary amine, APMA, portion (9 mol %). A fraction (20 mol %) of the APMA repeats were converted to activated thiols utilizing the amine- and sulfhydryl-reactive Molecule N-succinimidyl 3-(2-pyridyldithio)-propionate (SPDP). 5'-Thiolated sense strand RNAs were then Coupled to the polymer through a disulfide exchange with pendant pyridyldithio moieties. giving an 89 +/- 4% degree of Conjugation. The unmodified APMA units (80 mol %) were subsequently coupled to amine reactive folates with 81 +/- 1% efficiency This yielded a multiconjugate copolymer with 91 mol % HPMA. 2 mol % RNA, and 6 mol % folate siRNA formation was achieved by annealing antisense strands to the conjugated RNA sense strands. Subsequent siRNA cleavage under intracellular conditions demonstrated the potential utility of this carrier in gene, delivery. The multiconjugate copolymer and siRNA release were characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis