Journal
BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
Volume 104, Issue 10, Pages 588-602Publisher
WILEY-BLACKWELL
DOI: 10.1111/boc.201200008
Keywords
Clathrin; Endocytosis; Membrane fusion; Re-cycling; SNAREs; Synaptic vesicles (SVs)
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Funding
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft DFG [SFB 958/A01, HA2686/6-1]
- European Science Foundation
- Schram Foundation
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Dynamic flux of membrane between intracellular compartments is a key feature of all eukaryotic cells. Soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors (SNAREs) play a crucial role in membrane dynamics by facilitating membrane fusion, for example at synapses where small synaptic vesicles (SVs) undergo activity-regulated neuroexocytosis, followed by the endocytic re-cycling of SV proteins and lipids. Recent work shows that the assembly protein 180 (AP180) N-terminal homology (ANTH) domain containing proteins AP180 and clathrin assembly lymphoid myeloid leukaemia (CALM) not only regulate the assembly of the endocytic machinery but also act as sorters for a subset of SNAREs, the vesicle-associated membrane proteins (VAMPs), most notably VAMP/synaptobrevin 2 at synapses. In this review, we summarise the current state of knowledge about the roles of AP180 and CALM family members in clathrin-dependent membrane traffic, the molecular mechanistic basis for their activities and their potential involvement in human disease.
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