Journal
BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION
Volume 88, Issue 5, Pages -Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.112.105932
Keywords
DNA demethylation; epigenetics; primordial germ cell
Categories
Funding
- Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture
- CREST of JST
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [24390097, 23013016, 24659135, 25112006, 23770224, 23125508] Funding Source: KAKEN
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DNA methylation is a central epigenetic event that regulates cellular differentiation, reprogramming, and pathogenesis. Genomewide DNA demethylation occurs in preimplantation embryos and in embryonic germ cell precursors called primordial germ cells (PGCs). We previously showed that Dppa3, also known as Stella and PGC7, protects the maternal genome from tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 3 (Tet3)-mediated conversion of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) in zygotes. Here, we demonstrated that retrotransposon genes, such as long interspersed nuclear element-1 (Line-1) and intracisternal A particle (IAP), showed higher 5mC levels in Dppa3-null PGCs. In contrast, oxidative bisulfite sequence analysis revealed that the amounts of 5hmC in Line-1 and IAP were slightly reduced in the Dppa3-deficient PGCs. From our findings, we propose that Dppa3 is involved in the Tet-mediated active demethylation process during reprogramming of PGCs.
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