Journal
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
Volume 57, Issue 5, Pages 796-808Publisher
BIRKHAUSER VERLAG AG
DOI: 10.1007/s000180050042
Keywords
RNA folding; ribozyme; energy landscape; translation attenuation; RNA structure; group I intron; RNase P; folding kinetics; transcription elongation
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Methods for probing RNA structure in real time have revealed that initial folding steps are complete in less than a second. Refolding of large catalytic RNAs in vitro often results in long-lived intermediates that reach the native structure very slowly. These kinetically trapped intermediates arise from alternative secondary structures that form early in the folding process. In cells, proteins modulate the outcome of RNA folding reactions by stabilizing specific conformations or by accelerating refolding of misfolded intermediates. At the same time, competition between metastable conformations provides a means for regulating the biological activity of transcripts.
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