Journal
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
Volume 272, Issue 1, Pages 134-137Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2000.2739
Keywords
calcium; magnesium; potassium; sodium; pH; stratum corneum; barrier; skin; keratinocyte
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The distribution of calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, and hydrogen ions in the human epidermis was visualized by blotting to gel containing chemical indicators and the effects of skin barrier disruption were examined. In normal skin, both calcium and magnesium were localized with high concentration in the upper epidermis. EDTA blocked these imaging. The hydrogen ion was also high in the upper epidermis. Sodium did not show obvious gradation in the epidermis. The potassium concentration was the lowest in the upper epidermis. After the barrier disruption, the gradients of calcium, magnesium, and potassium disappeared while the pH gradation was not altered. Observation at a high magnification revealed lower calcium and sodium concentrations in the nucleus. The concentration of magnesium was slightly higher in the nucleus. The novel method of the present study could show the visual image of the ions in frozen tissue without further preparation, (C) 2000 Academic Press.
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