Advances in shape memory polymer actuation

Shape memory materials fulfill an important role in both actuation and mechanical coupling between actuators and associated dynamic systems. The simplest techniques are thermally based and in addition to the more common shape memory alloys there are also shape memory polymers. These have similar characteristics to those of their metallic cousins, but there the relationship stops. The basic physical principles are very different and this paper attempts to outline the current state-of-the-art to those already involved with the technology and perhaps open a fresh chapter in smart materials to those who are new to it. (C) 2000 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.