Crystal structure of RPB5, a universal eukaryotic RNA polymerase subunit and transcription factor interaction target

Eukaryotic: nuclei contain three different types of RNA polymerases (RNAPs), each consisting of 12-18 different subunits, The evolutionarily highly conserved RNAP subunit RPB5 is shared by all three enzymes and therefore represents a key structural/functional component of all eukaryotic RNAPs, Here we present the crystal structure of the RPB5 subunit from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The bipartite structure includes a eukaryote-specific N-terminal domain and a C-terminal domain resembling the archaeal RNAP subunit H, RPB5 has been implicated in direct protein-protein contacts with transcription factor IIB, one of the components of the RNAP(II) basal transcriptional machinery, and gene-specific activator proteins, such as the hepatitis a virus transactivator protein X. The experimentally mapped regions of RPB5 involved in these interactions correspond to distinct and surface-exposed alpha-helical structures.