Journal
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
Volume 288, Issue 1, Pages 25-28Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD
DOI: 10.1016/S0304-3940(00)01187-3
Keywords
brain edema; contusion; cytokines; excitotoxicity; traumatic brain injury
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Traumatic brain injury is associated with release of the excitotoxin glutamate and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). Following controlled cortical impact injury, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) glutamate, IL-6, and TNF-alpha concentrations were measured to investigate their relationship to evolving tissue damage. Compared to non-traumatized rats CSF glutamate, IL-6 and TNF-alpha: levels were significantly increased by 8 h after trauma (P < 0.005). Parallel to Increasing brain swelling and contusion CSF glutamate was significantly elevated over time, reaching highest levels by 48 h (33 +/- 4 mu M) while IL-6 and TNF-alpha showed maximum values at 24 h after trauma (42 +/- 7 and 4.7 +/- 1 pg/ml) (P < 0.005). The observed different temporal profile of CSF glutamate, IL-6, and TNF-alpha following focal traumatic brain injury could be of therapeutic importance. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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