Journal
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
Volume 74, Issue 15, Pages 6720-6724Publisher
AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
DOI: 10.1128/JVI.74.15.6720-6724.2000
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Funding
- NIAID NIH HHS [R21-AI44725, R01 AI031806, R01-AI31806] Funding Source: Medline
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Most simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2), and HIV-1 infection of host peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) is CD I dependent. In some cases, X4 HIV-1 chemotaxis is CD4 independent, and cross-species transmission might be facilitated by CD4 independent entry, which has been demonstrated for some SIV strains in CD4(-) non-T cells. As expected for CCR5-dependent virus, SIV required CD4 on rhesus and pigtail macaque PBMCs for infection and chemotaxis, However, SIV induced the chemotaxis of human PBMCs in a CD4-independent manner. Furthermore, in contrast to the results of studies using transfected human cell lines, SIV did not require CD4 binding to productively infect primary human PBMCs. CD4-independent lymphocyte and macrophage infection may facilitate cross-species transmission, while reacquisition of CD4 dependence may confer a selective advantage for the virus within new host species.
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