Journal
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
Volume 70, Issue 1, Pages 64-72Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2011.02.019
Keywords
Complex; executive function; fMRI; graph; psychosis; small world
Categories
Funding
- National Health and Medical Research Council [454797]
- National Institutes of Health
- Australian Research Council [DP0986320]
- Australian Research Council [DP0986320] Funding Source: Australian Research Council
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Background: Cognitive control impairments in schizophrenia are thought to arise from dysfunction of interconnected networks of brain regions, but interrogating the functional dynamics of large-scale brain networks during cognitive task performance has proved difficult. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to generate event-related whole-brain functional connectivity networks in participants with first-episode schizophrenia and healthy control subjects performing a cognitive control task. Methods: Functional connectivity during cognitive control performance was assessed between each pair of 78 brain regions in 23 patients and 25 control subjects. Network properties examined were region-wise connectivity, edge-wise connectivity, global path length, clustering, small-worldness, global efficiency, and local efficiency. Results: Patients showed widespread functional connectivity deficits in a large-scale network of brain regions, which primarily affected connectivity between frontal cortex and posterior regions and occurred irrespective of task context. A more circumscribed and task-specific connectivity impairment in frontoparietal systems related to cognitive control was also apparent. Global properties of network topology in patients were relatively intact. Conclusions: The first episode of schizophrenia is associated with a generalized connectivity impairment affecting most brain regions but that is particularly pronounced for frontal cortex. Superimposed on this generalized deficit, patients show more specific cognitive-control-related functional connectivity reductions in frontoparietal regions. These connectivity deficits occur in the context of relatively preserved global network organization.
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