Journal
TRENDS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
Volume 11, Issue 6, Pages 207-211Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON
DOI: 10.1016/S1043-2760(00)00263-0
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Regulation of gene expression by thyroid hormones (T-3,T-4) is mediated via thyroid hormone receptors (TRs). TRs are DNA-binding transcription factors that function as molecular switches in response to ligand. TRs can activate or repress gene transcription depending on the promoter context and ligand-binding status. In most cases, in the absence of ligand, TRs interact with a corepressor complex containing histone deacetylase activity, which actively inhibits transcription. The binding of ligand triggers a conformational change in the TR that results in the replacement of the corepressor complex by a coactivator complex containing histone acetyltransferase activity, through which the chromatin structure is remodeled, thereby leading to activation of transcription. In addition, the finding that several TR-interacting coregulators act move directly on the basal transcriptional machinery suggests that mechanisms independent of histone acetylation and deacetylation also ave involved in TR action.
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