Journal
EMBO JOURNAL
Volume 19, Issue 18, Pages 4875-4884Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/emboj/19.18.4875
Keywords
cell-to-cell movement; cell wall associated kinase; phosphorylation; plasmodesmata; tobacco mosaic virus
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Cell-to-cell spread of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) through plant intercellular connections, the plasmodesmata, is mediated by a specialized viral movement protein (MP), In vivo studies using transgenic tobacco plants showed that MP is phosphorylated at its C-terminus at amino acid residues Ser258, Thr261 and Ser265, When MP phosphorylation was mimicked by negatively charged amino acid substitutions, MP lost its ability to gale plasmodesmata, This effect on MP-plasmodesmata interactions was specific because other activities of MP, such as RNA binding and interaction with pectin methylesterases, were not affected, Furthermore, TMV encoding the MP mutant mimicking phosphorylation was unable to spread from cell to cell in inoculated tobacco plants. The regulatory effect of MP phosphorylation on plasmodesmal permeability was host dependent, occurring in tobacco but not in a more promiscuous Nicotiana benthamiana host. Thus, phosphorylation may represent a regulatory mechanism for controlling the TMV MP-plasmodesmata interactions in a host-dependent fashion.
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