Journal
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY
Volume 26, Issue 10, Pages 2401-2419Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1023/A:1005535129399
Keywords
plant-insect interactions; plant defense; feeding behavior; feeding damage; larval growth
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We measured feeding behavior, feeding damage, and larval growth of the crucifer specialist, Plutella xylostella and the generalist, Spodoptera eridania, on the cotyledons of 14 homozygous lines of Brassica juncea differing in myrosinase activity and glucosinolate profiles. The proportion of time feeding and area damaged by P. xylostella were lower on lines with high myrosinase activities [0.49-0.73 nmol glucose released/mg tissue(fresh weight, FW)/min] than on lines with low myrosinase activities [0.20-0.31 nmol glucose released/mg tissue(FW)/min]. In contrast, the proportion of time feeding and area damaged by S. eridania were not related to myrosinase activity, but were lower on cotyledons of lines with high glucosinolate concentrations [6.8-21.3 mug/g(FW)] than on lines with low glucosinolate concentrations [0.09-0.61 mug/g(FW)]. Relative growth rates (RGR) of both insect species were lower on lines with high glucosinolate concentrations, but were not related to myrosinase activity in the lines. In toxicity experiments that used artificial diets, allyl isothiocyanate, but not allyl glucosinolate, was lethally toxic to neonate P. xylosrella (LC(50)s of 1.54 mu mol/g, and >>100 mu mol/g, respectively), whereas isothiocyanate and the glucosinolate were lethally toxic to neonate S. eridania (LC(50)s of 3.42 and 6.73 mu mol/g, respectively). We interpret these results to indicate that myrosinase activity might be more important for plant defense against specialist insects that have adaptations to intact glucosinolates, but less important for defense against generalists, which are susceptible to the intact glucosinolates.
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