Composite electrodes in solid oxide fuel cells and similar solid state devices

The most important requirements to electrodes for solid oxide fuel cells and similar devices are listed, and it is explained how the requirements usually lead to a composite electrode. Three examples of composite electrodes are described in some details, namely the ceria based hydrogen electrode, the Ni-YSZ cermet anode and the LSM-YSZ. Here YSZ means yttria stabilized zirconia, and LSM is lanthanum strontium manganate.