Journal
NUTRITION
Volume 16, Issue 10, Pages 1015-1018Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/S0899-9007(00)00407-X
Keywords
protein metabolism; anabolism; catabolism; proteolysis cachexia
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Cancer is frequently associated with anorexia, weight loss, negative nitrogen balance, and skeletal-muscle wasting. Depletion of skeletal-muscle mass is critical to overall survival of the patient, can prolong rehabilitation to normal function after recovery, and decreases quality of life in a palliative-care setting; The biochemical and physiologic bases of cancer-associated muscle wasting have been most fully investigated in animal models. These studies provide evidence for suppressed protein synthesis and activated proteolysis in cancer-associated muscle wasting and indicate a need for both anabolic and anticatabolic therapies. Several;humoral factors of host or tumor origin are implicated in altered muscle-protein metabolism, including cytokines, metabolites of arachidonic acid, and a proteolysis-inducing glycoprotein; their interrelationships are less well characterized. Several catabolic mediators may share common downstream mechanisms because they ultimately activate the ATP-, ubiquitin-, and proteasome-dependent intracellular proteolytic system. Although important gaps in our current understanding remain, data available from animal studies can be used as a basis to develop relevant studies in human subjects. Nutrition 2000;16:1015-1018. (C) Elsevier Science Inc. 2000.
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