Journal
PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY
Volume 57, Issue 4, Pages 137-146Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1006/pmpp.2000.0286
Keywords
polyamines; polyamine conjugates; polyamine biosynthesis; pathogens; mycorrhizal fungi; Blumeria graminis f. sp hordei; Puccinia graminis f sp tritici; Puccinia hordei; Plasmodiophora brassicae; Rhizopus stolonifer; Turnip Yellow Mosaic Virus (TYMV); Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV); Suillus variegatus; Glomus intraradices
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The diamine putrescine, the triamine spermidine and the tetraamine spermine are ubiquitous in plant cells. They occur in free form as cations and are often conjugated to small molecules like phenolic acids and also to various macromolecules, such as DNA and RNA. They are necessary for the successful replication of most cells and have been implicated in the regulation of senescence and morphogenesis in plants, as well as in plant responses to environmental stress. Polyamine metabolism undergoes profound changes in response to infection by fungi and viruses. In fungal infection, the pattern of changes in polyamine levels depends, in part, upon whether the fungus is a biotroph or a necrotroph. Alterations in polyamine levels in plant-virus interactions depends upon the nature of the interaction i.e. whether it is compatible or incompatible. Most of the data relates to changes in free polyamines and it is suggested that future research on polyamines in host-pathogen interactions should include careful examination of polyamine conjugates. (C) 2000 Academic Press.
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