Journal
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
Volume 85, Issue 17, Pages 3736-3739Publisher
AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.85.3736
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Healthy sleep consists of several stages: deep sleep, light sleep, and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. Here we show that these sleep stages can be characterized and distinguished by correlations of heart rates separated by n beats. Using the detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) up to fourth order we find that long-range correlations reminiscent to the wake phase are present only in the REM phase. In the non-REM phases, the heart rates are uncorrelated above the typical breathing cycle time, pointing to a random regulation of the heartbeat during non-REM sleep.
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