Journal
PHYSICAL REVIEW B
Volume 62, Issue 18, Pages 12462-12467Publisher
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.62.12462
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We investigate one aspect of the proximity effect, viz., the local density of states of a superconductor-normal metal sandwich. In contrast to earlier work, we allow for the presence of an arbitrary elastic mean free path in the structure. The superconductor induces a gap in the normal-metal spectrum that is proportional to the inverse of the elastic mean free path l(N) for rather clean systems. For a mean free path much shorter than the thickness of the normal metal we find a gap size proportional to l(N) that approaches the behavior predicted by the Usadel equation (diffusive limit). We also discuss the influence of interface and surface roughness, the consequences of a nonideal transmittivity of the interface, and the dependence of our results on the choice of the model of impurity scattering.
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