Journal
BIOESSAYS
Volume 32, Issue 11, Pages 986-992Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/bies.201000060
Keywords
actin cytoskeleton; cell motility; cell proliferation; Rho GTPases; Rnd proteins
Categories
Funding
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BB/E004083/2, BB/E004083/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- BBSRC [BB/E004083/1, BB/E004083/2] Funding Source: UKRI
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BB/E004083/1, BB/E004083/2] Funding Source: Medline
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Rnd3/RhoE has two distinct functions, regulating the actin cytoskeleton and cell proliferation. This might explain why its expression is often altered in cancer and by multiple stimuli during development and disease. Rnd3 together with its relatives Rnd1 and Rnd2 are atypical members of the Rho GTPase family in that they do not hydrolyse GTP. Rnd3 and Rnd1 both antagonise RhoA/ROCK-mediated actomyosin contractility, thereby regulating cell migration, smooth muscle contractility and neurite extension. In addition, Rnd3 has been shown to have a separate role in inhibiting cell cycle progression by reducing translation of cell cycle regulators, including cyclin D1 and Myc. We propose that Rnd3 could act as a tumour suppressor to limit proliferation, but when mutations bypass this activity of Rnd3, it can promote cancer invasion through its effects in the actin cytoskeleton.
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