Role of σB in adaptation of Listeria monocytogenes to growth at low temperature

The activity of sigma (B) in Listeria monocytogenes is stimulated by high osmolarity and is necessary for efficient uptake of osmoprotectants. Here we demonstrate that, during cold shock, sigma (B) contributes to adaptation in a growth phase-dependent manner and is necessary for efficient accumulation of betaine and carnitine as cryoprotectants.