4.7 Article

Chemoselective Modification of Turnip Yellow Mosaic Virus by Cu(I) Catalyzed Azide-Alkyne 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition Reaction and Its Application in Cell Binding

Journal

BIOCONJUGATE CHEMISTRY
Volume 22, Issue 1, Pages 58-66

Publisher

AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/bc100351n

Keywords

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Funding

  1. USA NSF [CHE-0748690, DMR-0706431]
  2. USA DoD [WN11NF-09-1-236]
  3. Alfred P. Sloan Foundation
  4. W. M. Keck Foundation
  5. GDBP [LYM08031]
  6. NSFC [30973685]

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Turnip yellow mosaic virus (TYMV) is an icosahedral plant virus with a diameter of 28-30 nm that can be isolated in gram quantities from turnip or Chinese cabbage inexpensively. In this study, TYMV combined with spatially addressable surface chemistries was selected as a prototype bionanoparticle for Modulating patterns of cell adhesion, morphology, and proliferation. We exploited the chemical reactivity of TYMV using the mild conditions of Cu(I) catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction, the best example of click chemistry. Oligo-ethylene glycol (OEG) short chain, coumarintriazole, and ROD-containing peptide were grafted on the surface of TYMV via carbodiimide activation and CuAAC reaction. The bioconjugation to intact viral particles was confirmed by MS, TEM, FPLC, and SDS-PAGE with fluorescence visualization analysis. Therefore, this method is a generally useful means of incorporating various types of functionalities onto the TYMV surface. Further studies were done to learn the behavior of NIH-3T3 fibroblast cells on the modified or unmodified TYMV surfaces. OEG-modified TYMV surfaces retarded cell attachment and growth, while cell adhesion, spreading, and proliferation were dramatically enhanced on RGD-modified TYMV surfaces. Compared with ROD immobilized 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane-coated glass surface, the cells are more ready to spread fully and proliferate on TYMV-RGD coated surface, which thus provides a more cell-friendly environment with nanometer-scale surface features. This illustrates the potential application of plant virus based materials in tissue engineering, drug delivery, and biosensing.

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