Journal
BIOCONJUGATE CHEMISTRY
Volume 21, Issue 7, Pages 1369-1377Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/bc900405q
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Funding
- US NSF [DMR-0706431]
- US DoD [W911NF-09-1-0236]
- Alfred P. Sloan Scholarship
- Camille Dreyfus Teacher Scholar Award, DoD-BCRP
- W.M. Keck Foundation
- China Scholarship Council
- Division Of Chemistry
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien [0748690] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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The M13 bacteriophage has been demonstrated to be a robust scaffold for bionanomaterial development. In this paper, we report on the chemical modifications of three kinds of reactive groups, i.e., the amino groups of lysine residues or N-terminal, the carboxylic acid groups of aspartic acid or glutamic acid residues, and the phenol group of tyrosine residues, on M13 surface. The reactivity of each group was identified through conjugation with small fluorescent molecules. Furthermore, the regioselectivity of each reaction was investigated by HPLC-MS-MS. By optimizing the reaction condition, hundreds of fluorescent moieties could he attached to create a highly fluorescent M13 bacteriophage. In addition, cancer cell targeting motifs such as folic acid could also be conjugated onto the M13 surface. Therefore, dual-modified M13 particles with folic acid and fluorescent molecules were synthesized via the selective modification of two kinds of reactive groups. Such dual-modified M13 particles showed very good binding affinity to human KB cancer cells, which demonstrated the potential applications of M13 bacteriophage in bioimaging and drug delivery.
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