Journal
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-REVIEWS ON CANCER
Volume 1826, Issue 2, Pages 434-442Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2012.07.003
Keywords
Osteosarcoma; Metastasis; Osteoclast; Tumour-associated macrophage; Microenvironment
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Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary bone tumour in the paediatric age group. Treatment-refractory pulmonary metastasis continues to be the major complication of OS, reducing the 5-year survival rate for these patients to 10-20%. The mechanisms underlying the metastatic process in OS are still unclear, but undoubtedly, a greater understanding of the factors and interactions involved in its regulation will open new and much needed opportunities for therapeutic intervention. Recent published data have identified a new role for bone-specific macrophages (osteoclasts) and tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs), in OS metastasis. In this review we discuss the contribution of TAMs and osteoclasts in the establishment and maintenance of secondary metastatic lesions, and their novel role in the prevention of metastatic disease in a primary bone cancer such as osteosarcoma. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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