Journal
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
Volume 184, Issue 3, Pages 255-263Publisher
MOSBY, INC
DOI: 10.1067/mob.2001.109656
Keywords
estrogen replacement therapy; pharmacokinetics; administration and dosage
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In the next decade many women will turn to the medical community for advice on maintaining or improving health after menopause. Estrogen replacement therapy. with or without progestins, alleviates menopausal symptoms, prevents or manages osteoporosis. and reduces the increased cardiovascular disease risk that results from estrogen deficiency caused by ovarian decline. Although several estrogen replacement products are available, the pharmacokinetics and efficacy of these products may vary depending on either the estrogen formulation or the route of administration, or both. For example, oral estrogens, which elicit a marked hepatic response, induce greater beneficial effects on serum lipoproteins than transdermal estrogens, which circumvent first-pass liver metabolism. Oral conjugated estrogens and transdermal estradiol increase bone density and prevent bone loss. This article summarizes the studies comparing estrogen formulations and discusses the differential effects of various estrogen products that promote postmenopausal health.
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