Journal
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS
Volume 1844, Issue 9, Pages 1694-1707Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2014.06.018
Keywords
Cantareus aspersus metallothionein; Cadmium; Copper; Sequence determinant
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Funding
- Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad [BIO2012-39682-C02-01, BIO2012-39682-C02-02]
- Austrian Science Foundation [P 23635-B20]
- Acciones Integradas (Austria) [HU2006-0027, ES 02/2007]
- Departament de Quimica, Universitat Autanoma de Barcelona
- Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [P 23635] Funding Source: researchfish
- Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [P23635, I1482] Funding Source: Austrian Science Fund (FWF)
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In Proteomics, gene/protein families including both specialized and non-specialized paralogs are an invaluable tool to study the evolution of structure/function relationships in proteins. Metallothioneins (MTs) of the pulmonate gastropod molluscs (snails) offer one of the best materials to study the metal-binding specificity of proteins, because they consist of a polymorphic system that includes members with extremely distinct metal preferences but with a high protein sequence similarity. Cantareus aspersus was the first snail where three paralogous MTs were isolated: the highly specific cadmium (CaCdMT) and copper (CaCuMT) isoforms, and an unspecific CaCd/CuMT isoform, so called because it was natively isolated as a mixed Cd and Cu complex. In this work, we have thoroughly analyzed the Zn2+-, Cd2+- and Cu+-binding abilities of these three CaMTs by means of the spectroscopic and spectrometric characterization of the respective recombinant, as well as in vitro-substituted, metal-complexes. The comparison with the orthologous HpMTs and the study of the isoform-determinant residues allow correlating the protein sequence variability with the coordination capabilities of these MTs. Surprisingly, the CaCuMT isoform exhibits a stronger Cu-thionein character than the HpCuMT ortholog, and the CaCd/CuMT isoform could be defined as a non-optimized Cu-thionein, which has not attained any defined functional differentiation in the framework of the snail MT gene/protein family. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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