Journal
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS
Volume 1794, Issue 5, Pages 817-825Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2009.02.017
Keywords
Drug resistance; RND-type multidrug efflux pump; Tripartite pump assembly; Proton/drug antiporter; Membrane fusion protein; Outer membrane protein factor
Categories
Funding
- National Institutes of Health [R01 GM66988]
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCES [R01GM066988] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Multidrug efflux (MDR) pumps remove a variety of compounds from the cell into the external environment. There are five different classes of MDR pumps in bacteria, and quite often a single bacterial species expresses multiple classes of pumps. Although under normal circumstances MDR pumps confer low-level intrinsic resistance to drugs, the presence of drugs and mutations in regulatory genes lead to high level expression of MDR pumps that can pose problems with therapeutic treatments. This review focuses on the resistance nodulation cell division (RND)-class of MDR pumps that assemble from three proteins. Significant recent advancement in structural aspects of the three pump components has shed new light on the mechanism by which the tripartite efflux pumps extrude drugs. This new information will be critical in developing inhibitors against MDR pumps to improve the potency of prescribed drugs. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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