Journal
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH
Volume 1813, Issue 1, Pages 186-200Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2010.10.002
Keywords
Aging; Chloroplast; Disease; DNA damage; DNA repair; Mitochondrion
Categories
Funding
- French Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) [UPR2357]
- University of Strasbourg (UdS)
- Wellcome Trust [078900]
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR)
- French Ministry for Higher Education and Research
- Lebanese International University
- Lebanese Conseil National de la Recherche Scientifique
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Both endogenous processes and exogenous physical and chemical sources generate deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage in the nucleus and organelles of living cells. To prevent deleterious effects, damage is balanced by repair pathways. DNA repair was first documented for the nuclear compartment but evidence was subsequently extended to the organelles. Mitochondria and chloroplasts possess their own repair processes. These share a number of factors with the nucleus but also rely on original mechanisms. Base excision repair remains the best characterized. Repair is organized with the other DNA metabolism pathways in the organelle membrane-associated nucleoids. DNA repair in mitochondria is a regulated, stress-responsive process. Organelle genomes do not encode DNA repair enzymes and translocation of nuclear-encoded repair proteins from the cytosol seems to be a major control mechanism. Finally, changes in the fidelity and efficiency of mitochondrial DNA repair are likely to be involved in DNA damage accumulation, disease and aging. The present review successively addresses these different issues. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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