Materials for ultrasupercritical coal power plants - Turbine materials: Part II

The efficiency of conventional boiler/steam turbine fossil power plants is a strong function of the steam temperature and pressure. Research to increase both has been pursued worldwide, since the energy crisis in the 1970s. The need to reduce CO2 emission has recently provided an additional incentive to increase efficiency. Thus, steam temperatures of the most efficient fossil power plants are now in the 600 degreesC (1112 degreesF) range, which represents an increase of about 60 degreesC (108 degreesF) in 30 years. It is expected that steam temperatures will rise another 50 to 100 degreesC (90 to 180 degreesF) in the next 30 years. The main enabling technology is the development of stronger high-temperature materials, capable of operating under high stresses at ever-increasing temperatures. Recently, the EPRI performed a state-of-the-art review of materials technology for advanced boiler/steam turbine power plants (ultrasupercritical power plants). Results of this review pertaining to boilers are reported in a companion paper in this volume. This paper describes the results relating to steam turbines.