Journal
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR BASIS OF DISEASE
Volume 1842, Issue 2, Pages 326-337Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2013.11.020
Keywords
Autoimmune polyendocrinopathies; Self-tolerance; Transcription factors; Protein conformation; Post-translational protein processing
Funding
- Telethon [TCR07003] Funding Source: Medline
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AIRE (for autoimmune regulator) is a multidomain protein that performs a fundamental function in the thymus and possibly in the secondary lymphoid organs: the regulation, especially in the sense of activation, of the process of gene transcription in cell lines deputed to the presentation of self-antigens to the maturing T lymphocytes. The apoptosis of the elements bearing T-cell receptors with critical affinity for the exhibited self-antigens prevents the escape of autoreactive clones and represents a simple and efficient mechanism of deletional self-tolerance. However, AIRE action relies on an articulated complex of biophysical and biochemical properties, in most cases attributable to single subspecialized domains. Here a thorough review of the matter is presented, with a privileged look at the pathogenic changes of AIRE that interfere with such properties and lead to the impairment in its chief function. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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