Journal
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR BASIS OF DISEASE
Volume 1832, Issue 12, Pages 2257-2263Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2013.08.012
Keywords
Synaptic plasticity; NMDA receptor; Dendritic spine; BDNF; Rho GTPase; Local protein synthesis
Funding
- Research Grants Council of Hong Kong [HKUST 661109, 661309, 660810, 661010, 661111]
- Theme-based Research Scheme [T13-607/12R]
- Innovation and Technology Fund [UIM/198]
- S.H. Ho Foundation
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Dendritic spines are specialized structures on neuronal processes where the majority of excitatory synapses are localized. Spines are highly dynamic, and their stabilization and morphology are influenced by synaptic activity. This extrinsic regulation of spine morphogenesis underlies experience-dependent brain development and information storage within the brain circuitry. In this review, we summarize recent findings that demonstrate the phenomenon of activity-dependent structural plasticity and the molecular mechanisms by which synaptic activity sculpt neuronal connections. Impaired structural plasticity is associated with perturbed brain function in neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism. Information from the mechanistic studies therefore provides important insights into the design of therapeutic strategies for these brain disorders. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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