Journal
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
Volume 193, Issue 3, Pages 393-397Publisher
ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1084/jem.193.3.393
Keywords
magnetic resonance spectroscopy; tumor necrosis factor; gram-positive bacteria; isolation and purification; immunity, natural
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Lipoteichoic acids (LTAs) have been proposed as putative Gram-positive immunostimulatory counterparts to Gram-negative lipopolysaccharides. However, LTA from Staphylococcus aureus. the clinically most frequent Gram-positive pathogen, was inactive after purification. Here, a novel isolation procedure to prepare pure (>99%) biologically active LTA, allowing the first structural analysis by nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry, is described. A comparison with LTA purified by standard techniques revealed that alanine substituents are lost during standard purification, resulting in attenuated cytokine induction activity. In line with this finding, hydrolysis of alanine substituents of active LTA decimated cytokine induction. LTA represents a major immunostimulatory component of aureus.
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